Sampling and molecular identification of yellow rust in Portugal

With in-depth knowledge of the strains and breeds that exist in the country, the Elvas CoLAB can thus devise more efficient and targeted combat strategies.

InnovPlantProtect (InPP) is analyzing yellow rust samples collected from wheat fields in Portugal. Identification at InPP is carried out using PCR techniques and analysis of DNA fragments using SeqStudio, which makes it possible to determine the lineage of the fungus by examining molecular markers.

The polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, is a technique that allows you to copy a specific region of DNA, in vitro. SeqStudio is a sequencing machine that also allows the length of fragments to be measured, from which it is possible to correlate the size of different molecular markers with a given lineage.

Yellow rust is a disease caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, This pathogen, which affects wheat and other cereals all over the world, jeopardizes the future and stability of cereal crops. This pathogen is biologically very dynamic, adapting quickly to climate change and to the resistant cereal varieties that are being introduced onto the market.

So far, the PstS10 strain, the most prevalent in Europe, has been identified. PstS10 has proved to be very aggressive, affecting wheat varieties that were previously resistant to yellow rust. The race of this strain was determined by RustWatch in Denmark to be Benchmark. InPP sent samples to this European project to combat wheat rusts, which, among many other aspects, also involves genotyping and identifying the strains and races of the fungus that causes yellow rust.

With in-depth knowledge of the strains and races present in Portugal, the InPP can therefore devise more efficient and targeted combat strategies, by improving wheat varieties resistant to yellow rust and developing bioinspired control agents.

InnovPlantProtect's project to combat this disease was started in March 2020.